Journal of Happiness and Health

Alter, A. (2017). Irresistible: The rise of addictive technology and the business of keeping us hooked. Penguin Press.

Andreassen, C. S. (2015). Online social network site addiction: A comprehensive review. Current Addiction Reports, 2, 175–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-015-0056-9

Andreassen, C. S., Billieux, J., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Demetrovics, Z., Mazzoni, E., & Pallesen, S. (2016). The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30(2), 252-62. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000160

Arpacık, Z., Türkmen, S., & Kiremitçi Canıöz, E. (2025). The psychological effects of legitimizing social media influencers’s crimes: the role of nomophobia and social media use [Sosyal medya fenomenlerinin suçlarını meşrulaştırmanın psikolojik etkileri: nomofobi ve sosyal medya kullanımının rolü]. HUMANITAS - International Journal of Social Sciences, 13(26), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.20304/humanitas.1691922

Bányai, F., Zsila, Á., Király, O., Maraz, A., Elekes, Z., Griffiths, M. D., Andreassen, C. S., & Demetrovics, Z. (2017). Problematic social media use: Results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PLOS ONE, 12(1), Article e0169839. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169839

Błachnio, A., Przepiorka, A., & Pantic, I. (2016). Association between Facebook addiction, self-esteem and life satisfaction: A cross-sectional study. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 701-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.10.026

Brand, M., Young, K. S., Laier, C., Wölfling, K., and Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific internet-use disorders: an Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033

Clark, J. L., Algoe, S. B., & Green, M. C. (2018). Social network sites and well-being: The role of social connection. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(1), 32-37. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417730833

Dhir, A., Yossatorn, Y., Kaur, P., & Chen, S. (2018). Online social media fatigue and psychological wellbeing—A study of compulsive use, fear of missing out, fatigue, anxiety and depression. International Journal of Information Management, 40, 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.01.012

Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D.-w., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-009-9493-y

Doğan, T., Akıncı Çötok, N., & Göçet Tekin, E. (2011). Reliability and validity of the Turkish Version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) among university students. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 2058-2062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.053

Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. (2009). G, Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1.9.7: Tests for correlation and regression analyses, Behavior Research Methods, 2009, 41, 1149-1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149

Fırat, N., & Barut, Y. (2018). Development of the Social Media Addiction Scale: Validity and reliability study [Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (SMBÖ)'nin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması]. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(4), 2458-2467. https://www.j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/5181/2651

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312

Griffiths, M. D. (2005). A 'components' model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. Journal of Substance Use, 10(4), 191-197. https://doi.org/10.1080/14659890500114359

Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. The Guilford Press. https://doi.org/10.1111/jedm.12050

Hays, R. D., & DiMatteo, M. R. (1987). A Short-Form Measure of Loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 51(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5101_6

Hunt, M. G., Marx, R., Lipson, C., & Young, J. (2018). No more FOMO: Limiting social media decreases loneliness and depression. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 37(10), 751-768. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.10.751

Kiremitçi Canıöz, E, & Coşkun, H. (2018). The mediating role of depression and anxiety on relation between seasonality and subjective well-being [Üniversite öğrencilerinin mevsimsellik ve öznel iyi oluş düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkide depresyon ve anksiyetenin aracı rolü]. KALEM International Journal of Educational and Human Sciences, 8(2), 419-439. https://doi.org/10.23863/kalem.2019.110

Kiremitçi Canıöz, E. Şenyurt, A. Y., Gültepe, B., & Coşkun, H. (2025). Predictors of Prosocial Behavior: Religious Attitudes, Delay of Gratification, Well-Being, and Savoring [Prososyal Davranışın Yordayıcıları: Dini Tutum, Haz Erteleme, İyi Oluş ve Olumlu Yaşam Olaylarının Tadını Çıkarma]. Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 25(4), 2286-2304. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2025..-1676469

Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), Article 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030311

Kuss, D. J., Griffiths, M. D., Karila, L., & Billieux, J. (2014). Internet addiction: A systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20(25), 4026-4052. https://doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990617

Marino, C., Gini, G., Vieno, A., & Spada, M. M. (2018). A comprehensive meta-analysis on problematic Facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 83, 262-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.009

McCown, W., & Johnson, J. (1995). Adult inventory of procrastination. In J. R. Ferrari, J. L. Johnson, & W. G. McCown (Eds.), Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 63–66). New York: Plenum Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0227-6

McCown, W., Johnson, J., & Petzel, T. (1989). Adult Inventory of Procrastination (AIP) [Database record]. APA PsycTests. https://doi.org/10.1037/t75471-000

Meier, A., Reinecke, L., & Meltzer, C. E. (2016). "Facebocrastination"? Predictors of using Facebook for procrastination and its effects on students' well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 65-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.011

Montag, C., Lachmann, B., Herrlich, M., & Zweig, K. (2019). Addictive features of social media/messenger platforms and freemium games against the background of psychological and economic theories. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), Article 2612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142612

Moody, E. J. (2001). Internet use and its relationship to loneliness. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4(3), 393-401. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493101300210303

Okudur Sabuncu, B., Kocabaş, D., & Şenyurt, A. Y. (2023). The mediatıng role of optimism in the effect of hope on psychologıcal well-being [Umudun psikolojik iyi oluşa etkisinde iyimserliğin aracılık rolü]. Eurasion Journal of Social and Economic Research, 10(4), 1420-1431. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/asead/article/1370554

Uzun Özer, B. (2014). Psychometric properties of Adult Inventory of Procrastination in a Turkish sample. Journal of Adult Development, 21(1), 43-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-013-9177-3

Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. In R. Gilmour & S. Duck (Eds.), Personal relationships: 3. Relationships in disorder (pp. 31-56). Academic Press.

Pituch, K. A., & Stevens, J. P. (2016). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. 6th edition. New York: Routledge.

Pontes, H. M. (2017). Investigating the differential effects of social networking site addiction and Internet gaming disorder on psychological health. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(4), 601–610. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.075

Primack, B. A., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Whaite, E. O., Lin, L. Y., Rosen, D., Colditz, J. B., Radovic, A., & Miller, E. (2017). Social media use and perceived social isolation among young adults in the U.S. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 53(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2017.01.010

Rozgonjuk, D., Elhai, J. D., Ryan, T., & Scott, G. G. (2020). Fear of missing out is associated with disrupted activities from receiving smartphone notifications and surface learning in college students. Computers & Education, 140, Article 103590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.05.016

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069-1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069

Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2016). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modelling. 4th edition. New York: Routledge.

Shen, C., & Williams, D. (2011). Unpacking time online: Connecting Internet and massively multiplayer online game use with psychosocial well-being. Communication Research, 38(1), 123–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650210377196

Sirois, F. M., & Pychyl, T. A. (2016). Procrastination, health, and well-being. Academic Press.

Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65-94. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65

Telef, B. B. (2013). The Adaptation of Psychological Well-Being into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study [Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği: Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması]. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 28(3), 374-384. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hunefd/issue/7791/101929

Tice, D. M., & Bratslavsky, E. (2000). Giving in to feel good: The place of emotion regulation in the context of general self-control. Psychological Inquiry, 11(3), 149-159. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1103_03

Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). (2024). Household information technology usage survey, 2024 [Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması, 2024]. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2024-53492

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2019). Media use is linked to lower psychological well-being: Evidence from three datasets. Psychiatric Quarterly, 90(2), 311-331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-019-09630-7

Vannucci, A., Flannery, K. M., & Ohannessian, C. M. (2017). Social media use and anxiety in emerging adults. Journal of Affective Disorders, 207, 163-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.040

Vogel, E. A., Rose, J. P., Roberts, L. R., & Eckles, K. (2014). Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 3(4), 206-222. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000047

Whitty, M. T., & McLaughlin, D. (2007). Online recreation: The relationship between loneliness, Internet self-efficacy and the use of the Internet for entertainment purposes. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(3), 1435-1446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2005.05.003

Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 1(3), 237-244. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237